Cognitive neuroscience versus epistemologically different worlds

(2012) Gabriel Vacariu, Cognitive neuroscience versus epistemologically different worlds, (University of Bucharest Press)

Introduction ………………………………………………………………………. 9

1. The unexpected: “Epistemologically Different Worlds” ………. 15

1.1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………… 15

1.2 Definitions ……………………………………………………………….. 16

1.3 Propositions for its …………………………………………………….. 18

1.4 Propositions for Its and being …………………………………….. 24

1.5 The hyperverse …………………………………………………………. 30

2. A general view on cognitive neuroscience………………………….. 37
3. Optimism for localization and the “mind reading”………………. 58

3.1 Bechtel’s optimism……………………………………………………. 58

3.2 Gallant’s laboratory work…………………………………………… 67

3.3 Other optimistic works ………………………………………………. 75

4. Skepticism in cognitive neuroscience………………………………… 81

4.1 Hardcastle’s skepticism……………………………………………… 81

4.2 Uttal’s skepticism ……………………………………………………… 88

5. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) of fMRI and local

field potentials (LFPs) ……………………………………………………. 107

6. The localization problem (segmentation vs. integration) ……… 126
7. The binding problem ………………………………………………………. 138

7.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………….. 138

7.2 The “Feature-Integration Theory” (FIT)……………………….. 146

7.3 The synchrony or temporal coding theory (temporal binding) . 153

7.3.1 Oscillations – a general framework ………………….. 153

7.3.2 More details about frequency bands, activated

neural areas and cognitive functions …………………… 160

8

7.3.3 Gamma range in visual cognition ……………………….. 168

7.3.4 Communication among neural areas through

synchronized oscillations …………………………………… 177

7.3.5 The main critics for temporal coding hypothesis… 187

8. Perception and object recognition ……………………………………. 194

8.1 Perception and object recognition……………………………… 194

8.2 A few words about other notions in cognitive

neuroscience ………………………………………………………….. 210

9. Space and the mind…………………………………………………………. 218
10. Crossmodal interactions ………………………………………………… 244
11. Holism in cognitive neuroscience……………………………………. 254

11.1 The parts-whole relationship ……………………………………. 254

11.2 Raichle’s default network……………………………………….. 269

11.3 Conscious and unconscious mental states…………………. 278

12. Fingelkurts’ approach or the status of cognitive

neuroscience………………………………………………………………… 293

Conclusion: The status of cognitive neuroscience:

“No ontology landscape”………………………………. 317

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